Baghdad

Baghdad

Bagdad ou Baghdad
(Bagdâd) cap. de l'Irak, sur le Tigre; aggl. urb. 4 648 610 hab. Centre comm. et industr.
— La ville, dont le calife abbasside Al-Mansur fit sa cap. en 762, connut une splendeur dont il ne reste que divers bâtiments tardifs (XIIe-XIVe s.). Dans sa maison de la Sagesse, Harun ar-Rachid réunit à la fin du VIIIe s. les plus grands savants et esprits de l'époque, arabes et non arabes.
— Pacte de Bagdad: pacte politico-militaire conclu en 1955, à la suite de la conférence de Bagdad, groupant l'Irak, la Turquie, le Pakistan, puis l'Iran (oct. 1955); après le retrait de l'Irak (1959), le pacte de Bagdad a fait place au CENTO (Central Treaty Organization), qui a été dissous en 1979.
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Baghdad
V. Bagdad.

Encyclopédie Universelle. 2012.

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